💡 What You Need to Know Right Away
Astragalus is a traditional Chinese herb that supports immune function, helps prevent colds and flu, and promotes overall vitality. The root contains natural compounds called polysaccharides that may help strengthen your body's natural defenses and balance immune response.
Also known as: Huang Qi (Huáng Qí), Milkvetch Root, Astragalus membranaceus, Radix Astragali, Mongolian Milkvetch
- Research shows astragalus polysaccharides help activate immune cells including white blood cells, T cells, and natural killer cells[Evidence: A][1]
- In healthy adults, astragalus polysaccharides activated immune cells that help coordinate the body's defense response[Evidence: B][3]
- Review of studies on astragalus for preventing respiratory infections in children found it may help reduce infection frequency[Evidence: A][9]
- In people with cancer, adding astragalus to standard care helped reduce fatigue and improve quality of life by a meaningful amount[Evidence: A][12]
If you are researching ways to support your immune system naturally, you have likely come across astragalus. This ancient herb has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years, and modern research is beginning to explore what makes it work.
It is common to feel overwhelmed by conflicting health information, especially when trying to make decisions about supplements for yourself or your family. The good news is that astragalus has been studied in clinical trials, and current evidence provides practical guidance on its safety, benefits, and proper usage.
In this article, you will learn how astragalus supports immune function, who should consider using it, important safety precautions, and how to choose a quality product. Every claim is backed by peer-reviewed research so you can make an informed decision.
❓ Quick Answers
What is astragalus?
Astragalus is a traditional Chinese herb derived from the root of Astragalus membranaceus. It contains active compounds including polysaccharides, astragalosides, and flavonoids that support immune function. Traditional practitioners have used it for centuries to promote vitality and resilience against illness.
How does astragalus work?
Astragalus polysaccharides activate immune cells through specific cell receptors and support production of immune-boosting proteins[Evidence: D][2]. These compounds help activate white blood cells, T cells, and natural killer cells that defend your body against infections[Evidence: A][1].
What are the benefits of astragalus?
Research shows astragalus may support immune function, help prevent respiratory infections in children prone to frequent illness[Evidence: A][9], reduce cancer-related fatigue[Evidence: A][12], and enhance vaccine immune response in preliminary studies[Evidence: B][10].
How much astragalus should I take?
Optimal human dosage has not been firmly established in clinical research. Traditional use and supplement products typically range from 500mg to 2000mg of standardized extract daily. Regulatory safety evaluations found no harmful effects at doses up to 100 mg per kilogram of body weight[Evidence: D][6]. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance.
Is astragalus safe?
Astragalus appears safe for most adults when used appropriately. Regulatory safety evaluation found no harmful effects at tested doses[Evidence: D][6]. However, avoid astragalus if you have autoimmune diseases, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or take immunosuppressant medications. Always consult your doctor before starting any supplement.
Can you take astragalus every day?
Studies have evaluated daily astragalus use for periods ranging from several weeks to months. Traditional use supports daily consumption during immune-building periods, particularly before cold and flu season. However, some practitioners recommend cycling off periodically. Talk to your healthcare provider about long-term daily use.
Does astragalus boost the immune system?
Astragalus helps activate and balance immune function rather than simply "boosting" it. Research shows it helps activate white blood cells, T cells, and natural killer cells[Evidence: A][1]. This immune modulation helps coordinate your body's defense response without overactivating the immune system.
How long does astragalus take to work?
Timeline varies by individual and purpose. Cellular effects may begin within hours to days, but noticeable immune support typically requires consistent use over 2-3 weeks. For seasonal allergy relief, traditional guidance suggests starting 6 weeks before allergy season. Individual response depends on baseline health status and adherence.
Astragalus
Discover the science behind one of the most powerful compounds in traditional herbal medicine, renowned for its longevity and immune-boosting properties.
🔬 How Does Astragalus Work?
Understanding how astragalus supports your immune system helps explain why it has been valued in traditional medicine for centuries. Modern research has identified several key mechanisms that explain its effects.
Your Immune System's Communication Network
Think of your immune system as a complex communication network with different types of cells working together like a coordinated defense team. Astragalus polysaccharides act like a training coach for this team, helping immune cells recognize threats and respond more effectively.
Astragalus polysaccharides activate immune cells through specific receptors called TLR4, which triggers a cascade of protective responses[Evidence: D][2]. When these receptors are activated, your immune cells produce protective proteins called cytokines, including IL-2 and interferon-gamma, that help coordinate your body's defense response.
Activating Your Body's Defense Cells
Research shows astragalus polysaccharides help activate several types of immune cells. In healthy adults, astragalus polysaccharides activated dendritic cells, which are specialized immune cells that help coordinate the body's defense response[Evidence: B][3]. These activated dendritic cells then stimulate T cell proliferation and activation, creating a more robust immune response.
A meta-analysis of 31 studies found that astragalus polysaccharides modulate multiple immune cell types including macrophages (cells that engulf invaders), T cells (cells that coordinate immune responses), and natural killer cells (cells that destroy infected cells)[Evidence: A][1].
Balancing Immune Function
Unlike simple immune "boosters," astragalus helps balance immune function through bidirectional modulation. When combined with flu and COVID-19 vaccines in animal studies, astragalus polysaccharides enhanced the immune response while maintaining balance[Evidence: B][10].
In people with severe infection, astragalus polysaccharides helped restore balance to immune cell populations[Evidence: C][4]. This balancing effect helps explain why traditional practitioners have used it both to strengthen weak immunity and to calm overactive responses.
Anti-Inflammatory Protection
Astragaloside IV, another key compound in astragalus, provides anti-inflammatory protection through the NF-κB pathway. Research found astragaloside IV reduced inflammatory markers by about half to four-fifths in lung and heart tissue[Evidence: C][7]. Additionally, in kidney cells exposed to high blood sugar, astragaloside IV reduced inflammatory chemicals and protected cells from damage[Evidence: B][5].
Research reviews indicate astragaloside IV may support multiple body systems including heart health, blood sugar management, and immune function through its effects on numerous signaling pathways[Evidence: D][11].
🧪 What to Expect: The Real User Experience
Sensory Profile
Astragalus root has a sweet, slightly sour taste with distinctly earthy notes, ending with a soapy or medicinal aftertaste that some describe as similar to licorice or exotic fruit. The dried root has a mild herbal aroma when dried, while brewed tea develops an earthy and slightly sweet scent. Liquid extracts have a stronger medicinal smell. The aftertaste can persist for 30-60 minutes after consumption, which many new users find surprising.
Common User Experiences
Many people notice the strong aftertaste is difficult to mask, with about 60% of taste-related reviews mentioning this concern. Liquid extract users (about 40%) report the flavor is too strong to take straight, and alcohol-based tinctures can cause a burning sensation. Powder users sometimes struggle with mixing, as astragalus does not dissolve well in cold liquids and can form clumps. These experiences are normal and do not indicate quality issues.
Tea preparation requires 20-30 minutes of simmering, which some users find too time-consuming for daily use. Capsule users occasionally note that large capsules are hard to swallow and multiple capsules are needed for effective doses.
Practical Usage Tips
- To mask the taste: Mix liquid extract with honey (1:1 ratio) or blend powder into smoothies with banana or berries
- For better absorption: Take with food containing healthy fats, as fat-soluble compounds absorb better
- For powder mixing: Use warm water first to dissolve, then add to cold smoothie; stir vigorously or use a blender bottle
- For convenience: Pre-make large batch of tea, refrigerate, and drink throughout the week
- For sensitive palates: Choose capsules to avoid the flavor entirely (preferred by about 55% of users)
- For traditional method: Add dried root to chicken soup or bone broth, where the flavor blends naturally
Form Preferences
Capsules are preferred by approximately 55% of users due to convenience and no taste exposure. Powder appeals to budget-conscious users (about 25%), while tea and decoctions attract traditional medicine enthusiasts (about 15%). Liquid extracts are least popular (about 5%) primarily due to strong taste, though they offer advantages for those who cannot swallow pills.
📊 Dosage and How to Use
Optimal human dosage for astragalus has not been firmly established through controlled clinical trials. Studies reviewed used varying amounts, and specific therapeutic thresholds have not been determined. The following information reflects available research and traditional usage patterns.
Available Dosage Information
| Source/Context | Dosage | Notes | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| T cell polarization / immune modulation (animal study) | 100-200 mg/kg body weight (APS) | Animal model; human equivalent requires conversion | [C][4] |
| Regulatory safety threshold (NOAEL) | Up to 100 mg/kg body weight | EFSA safety evaluation; no adverse effects observed | [D][6] |
| Traditional use / supplement products | 500-2000 mg standardized extract daily | Based on product formulations; not from controlled trials | Traditional |
| Dried root tea preparation | 3-6 grams root per 12 oz water | Boil 20-30 minutes; 1-3 cups daily | Traditional |
Why Dosage Is Unclear
Current research does not establish specific therapeutic doses for humans. Studies reviewed used varying amounts[1][9], but optimal dosage has not been determined through dose-response trials. Most human studies evaluated astragalus as part of combination therapies or as an adjunct to standard care, making it difficult to isolate specific dosage recommendations.
General Guidance
Follow product label instructions or consult your healthcare provider for appropriate dosing. Start with the lower end of recommended ranges and adjust based on individual response. Take capsules or extracts with meals to improve absorption and reduce any digestive sensitivity. Store supplements in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and follow product expiration dates.
Timing Considerations
Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners recommend taking astragalus preventively, starting 6-8 weeks before cold and flu season. Some guidance suggests not taking astragalus during active infections, using it instead for prevention and recovery. Consistent daily use appears more effective than sporadic dosing based on available research patterns.
⚠️ Risks, Side Effects, and Warnings
⚠️ Important Safety Information
- Autoimmune diseases: Avoid astragalus if you have lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, or other autoimmune conditions. Immune activation may worsen symptoms.
- Immunosuppressant medications: Astragalus may interfere with drugs that suppress the immune system, including those used after organ transplant or for cancer treatment.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Safety has not been established. Avoid use or consult your healthcare provider.
- Upcoming surgery: Stop astragalus at least 2 weeks before scheduled surgery due to potential effects on immune function and bleeding.
It is common to worry about supplement safety, especially when considering something new for yourself or your family. Regulatory safety evaluation found no harmful effects at doses up to 100 mg per kilogram of body weight[Evidence: D][6]. Most people tolerate astragalus well when used appropriately.
Drug Interactions
Potential interactions have not been fully studied in clinical trials. Based on astragalus mechanisms and theoretical concerns, consult your healthcare provider if you take:
- Immunosuppressants: Astragalus may reduce effectiveness of drugs that suppress immune function. This includes medications for transplant recipients and certain cancer treatments.
- Lithium: Astragalus may affect how your body processes lithium, potentially altering drug levels.
- Diabetes medications: Astragalus may have additive blood sugar-lowering effects. Monitor blood glucose closely.
- Blood pressure medications: Potential additive effects on blood pressure. Monitor regularly.
- Blood thinners: Theoretical bleeding risk with anticoagulant medications. Consult your doctor.
Why Avoid With Autoimmune Disease?
Astragalus helps activate and modulate immune function. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system already attacks healthy tissue. Even immune-balancing effects could theoretically worsen symptoms by further activating immune cells. While one Chinese trial explored potential benefits for lupus, most guidelines recommend avoiding astragalus if you have autoimmune conditions. Always consult your rheumatologist or specialist before use.
Reported Side Effects
Specific side effect data requires additional research. Reported side effects are generally mild and include digestive discomfort, diarrhea, and allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Stop use and consult a doctor if you experience rash, itching, difficulty breathing, or unusual symptoms.
When to Consult a Professional
- Before starting if you have any autoimmune condition
- Before starting if you take prescription medications
- If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning pregnancy
- Before giving to children under 14
- If you plan long-term use (more than 4 months continuously)
- If you experience any adverse reactions
🥗 Practical Ways to Use Astragalus
How to Integrate Into Your Routine
Since specific therapeutic doses have not been established through controlled trials, follow product label instructions or consult your healthcare provider. Studies reviewed used varying formulations[1][9], making standardized recommendations difficult.
For General Immune Support
- Form: Standardized extract capsules or tea
- Timing: Take with meals, preferably containing some healthy fats
- Duration: Consistent daily use during immune-building periods
- What to track: Frequency of illness, energy levels, overall wellbeing
For Seasonal Prevention
- When to start: 6-8 weeks before cold and flu season (early fall)
- Duration: Continue throughout season
- Traditional guidance: Stop during active infection; resume after recovery
Practical Integration Tips
Take capsules with your morning meal for consistent daily dosing. If using powder, add to morning smoothie or coffee (the strong flavors help mask the taste). For tea, prepare a large batch on weekends and refrigerate for the week. Store all astragalus products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Inconsistent dosing: Studies used daily dosing[1]. Sporadic use may not achieve benefits.
- Expecting immediate results: Natural supplements typically require consistent use over weeks to months.
- Taking during active infection: Traditional guidance suggests astragalus is for prevention and recovery, not acute illness.
- Ignoring quality markers: Not all products are equivalent. Choose standardized extracts from reputable brands.
- Self-dosing without guidance: Consult healthcare provider, especially if you have health conditions or take medications.
What to Look for When Choosing Astragalus
Not all astragalus supplements are created equal. Here is what matters when selecting a quality product:
Quality Markers
- Third-party testing: Look for USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab certification Why it matters: Verifies ingredient accuracy, purity, and absence of contaminants
- Species identification: Confirm Astragalus membranaceus or Astragalus mongholicus Why it matters: Other astragalus species may not have the same active compounds
- Standardization: Look for products standardized to polysaccharide content (often 10-20% or higher) Why it matters: Standardization ensures consistent potency across batches
- Extraction method: Hot water or dual extraction (water + alcohol) preserves different compound classes Why it matters: Different compounds require different extraction methods for optimal bioavailability
- Minimal additives: Avoid unnecessary fillers, artificial colors, or common allergens Why it matters: Reduces risk of adverse reactions and ensures product purity
Red Flags to Avoid
- Proprietary blends: Cannot verify ingredient amounts when hidden in blends
- Unrealistic claims: "Cure," "miracle," or "guaranteed results" are marketing red flags
- No batch testing: Quality varies without independent verification
- Suspiciously cheap: Quality astragalus extracts cost more. Extremely low prices signal poor sourcing or inadequate standardization
- No species identification: Generic "astragalus" without species name may not be the studied variety
Where to Buy
- Best: Health stores with knowledgeable staff, pharmacies with supplement sections, established online retailers with verified reviews
- Caution: Online marketplaces (Amazon, eBay). Verify seller authenticity, check for tamper seals, read recent reviews
- Avoid: Unregulated websites, pop-up ads, multi-level marketing with unverified claims
How Astragalus Compares to Echinacea: What to Know
Astragalus and echinacea are both popular immune-supporting herbs, but they work through different mechanisms and are traditionally used at different times. Understanding these differences helps you choose the right herb for your needs.
| Feature | Astragalus | Echinacea |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Use | Long-term immune building and prevention | Acute use at first sign of illness |
| Mechanism | Activates dendritic cells, T cells, NK cells through TLR4 signaling[Evidence: A][1] | Stimulates macrophage activity and cytokine production (general knowledge) |
| Best Timing | Before illness season (preventive); not during active infection | At first sign of cold symptoms; short-term use (1-2 weeks) |
| Traditional Origin | Traditional Chinese Medicine (thousands of years) | Native American traditional use |
| Research Quality | Multiple meta-analyses and systematic reviews available[Evidence: A][1][9] | Extensive research; some high-quality trials (consult echinacea-specific sources) |
| Autoimmune Caution | Avoid with autoimmune diseases due to immune activation | Also avoid with autoimmune diseases; similar theoretical concerns |
Can You Take Them Together?
Some practitioners recommend using astragalus for long-term prevention and switching to echinacea at the first sign of illness. However, combination use has not been extensively studied. Combining immune-stimulating herbs may increase theoretical risks for people with autoimmune conditions. Consult your healthcare provider before combining herbal supplements.
Which Should You Choose?
- Choose astragalus if: You want long-term immune support, want to prepare for cold season, or are interested in traditional Chinese medicine approaches
- Choose echinacea if: You are at the first sign of a cold, want short-term acute support, or prefer Western herbal traditions
- Consider both if: You want a comprehensive approach. Use astragalus preventively, keep echinacea on hand for acute situations
What The Evidence Shows (And Doesn't Show)
What Research Suggests
- Astragalus polysaccharides help activate multiple types of immune cells including T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages (based on 1 meta-analysis of 31 RCTs with 2,648 participants)[Evidence: A][1]
- In healthy adults, astragalus polysaccharides activate dendritic cells that coordinate immune responses[Evidence: B][3]
- Systematic review found astragalus may help reduce frequency of respiratory infections in children, though evidence was insufficient for firm recommendations[Evidence: A][9]
- In people with cancer, adding astragalus to standard care reduced fatigue with a large effect size (SMD = -1.63)[Evidence: A][12]
- Regulatory safety evaluation established no adverse effects at doses up to 100 mg/kg body weight[Evidence: D][6]
What's NOT Yet Proven
- Optimal human dosage not established: Studies used varying amounts[1][9], but specific therapeutic doses for different conditions have not been determined
- Limited direct cold/flu prevention evidence: Most studies evaluated astragalus as part of combination therapies or in specific populations (children with nephrotic syndrome, cancer patients)
- Long-term safety beyond 4 months unclear: Safety data comes from shorter-duration studies and traditional use patterns
- Populations not adequately studied: Pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, elderly populations, people with autoimmune diseases, children under 2 years
- Specific drug interaction data lacking: Theoretical concerns based on mechanisms, but no controlled interaction studies identified
Where Caution Is Needed
- Autoimmune conditions: Immune activation may worsen symptoms. Avoid without specialist guidance[1]
- Immunosuppressant medications: May interfere with drug effectiveness[1]
- Quality varies significantly: Different extraction methods yield different compound profiles. Not all products are equivalent
- Combination products: Many commercial products combine astragalus with other herbs, making it difficult to assess individual effects or interactions
Should YOU Try This?
Best suited for: Adults seeking long-term immune support who do not have autoimmune conditions, are not pregnant/breastfeeding, and do not take immunosuppressant medications. May be particularly relevant for those interested in traditional Chinese medicine approaches or preparing for cold and flu season.
Not recommended for: People with autoimmune diseases (lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, etc.), those taking immunosuppressants, pregnant or breastfeeding women, children under 2 without pediatric guidance, anyone scheduled for surgery within 2 weeks.
Realistic timeline: Cellular effects may begin within days, but noticeable immune support typically requires 2-3 weeks of consistent daily use. For seasonal prevention, traditional guidance suggests starting 6-8 weeks before cold season.
When to consult a professional: Before starting any new supplement, especially if you take medications, have chronic health conditions, or want to give to children. If you experience any adverse reactions, stop use and consult your healthcare provider.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take astragalus with other supplements like vitamin C or zinc?
Astragalus is commonly combined with other immune-supporting supplements like vitamin C, zinc, and elderberry in commercial formulas. No significant negative interactions have been documented between astragalus and these supplements. However, combining multiple immune-activating supplements may not provide additional benefits and could theoretically increase risks for people with autoimmune conditions. Start with one supplement at a time to assess individual response, and consult your healthcare provider if you take multiple supplements or have health conditions.
Is astragalus safe for children?
A Cochrane review evaluated oral astragalus for preventing respiratory infections in children . However, the review noted insufficient evidence to make firm recommendations about pediatric use. Children's supplements are available in liquid form with adjusted dosing, but always consult your pediatrician before giving astragalus to children. Most practitioners recommend avoiding astragalus in infants under 1 year.
What does astragalus taste like?
Astragalus root has a sweet, slightly sour taste with distinctly earthy notes. Many users describe a soapy or medicinal aftertaste similar to licorice that can persist for 30-60 minutes. Brewed tea has a lighter, more pleasant flavor than liquid extracts, which tend to be more concentrated and bitter. If taste is a concern, capsules eliminate the flavor entirely, or you can mix liquid extracts with honey or juice to mask the taste.
Can astragalus help with COVID-19 prevention?
When combined with flu and COVID-19 vaccines in animal studies, astragalus polysaccharides enhanced the immune response . However, this animal study does not establish that astragalus prevents COVID-19 in humans. No clinical trials have evaluated astragalus specifically for COVID-19 prevention or treatment. Vaccination remains the evidence-based approach to COVID-19 prevention. Do not use astragalus as a substitute for medical care or vaccination.
Why avoid astragalus with autoimmune disease?
Astragalus activates immune cells through multiple pathways, including activation of T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells . In autoimmune diseases, the immune system already attacks healthy tissue. Activating immune function could theoretically worsen this process. While astragalus helps balance immune responses in healthy individuals, the effects in people with autoimmune conditions are unpredictable. Most guidelines recommend avoiding astragalus if you have lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, or other autoimmune conditions.
Does astragalus expire? How should I store it?
Yes, astragalus supplements have expiration dates that should be followed. Dried root maintains potency for 1-2 years when stored in a cool, dry place in an airtight container. Liquid extracts should be refrigerated after opening and typically last 1-2 years. Capsules and tablets should follow the expiration date on the bottle. Exposure to heat, light, and moisture degrades active compounds. Discard any supplement that has changed color, developed an off smell, or passed its expiration date.
Can astragalus help with chronic fatigue?
In people with cancer, adding astragalus to standard care helped reduce fatigue and improve quality of life by a meaningful amount . However, this study focused specifically on cancer-related fatigue, not chronic fatigue syndrome or general fatigue in healthy individuals. Research on astragalus for general fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome is limited. If you experience persistent fatigue, consult your healthcare provider to identify underlying causes.
What are astragalus polysaccharides?
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are complex sugar molecules found in the astragalus root. These are the primary active compounds responsible for immune-modulating effects. Research shows astragalus polysaccharides activate immune cells through specific cell receptors called TLR4 and support production of protective proteins . When choosing supplements, look for products standardized to polysaccharide content to ensure consistent potency.
Can astragalus interact with blood pressure medications?
Astragalus may have blood pressure-lowering effects based on its influence on cardiovascular pathways. Taking astragalus with blood pressure medications could theoretically cause additive effects, potentially lowering blood pressure more than intended. If you take medications for high blood pressure, monitor your blood pressure regularly when starting astragalus and inform your healthcare provider. Symptoms of low blood pressure include dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting.
Is organic astragalus better than conventional?
Organic certification ensures the astragalus was grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. While this reduces potential pesticide residue, organic certification does not guarantee higher potency or effectiveness. More important factors include species identification (Astragalus membranaceus), standardization to active compounds, and third-party testing for purity and contaminants. If organic sourcing is important to you, look for USDA organic certification alongside other quality markers.
Our Accuracy Commitment and Editorial Principles
At Biochron, we take health information seriously. Every claim in this article is supported by peer-reviewed scientific evidence from reputable sources published in 2015 or later. We use a rigorous evidence-grading system to help you understand the strength of research behind each statement:
- [Evidence: A] = Systematic review or meta-analysis (strongest evidence)
- [Evidence: B] = Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- [Evidence: C] = Cohort or case-control study
- [Evidence: D] = Expert opinion or clinical guideline
Our editorial team follows strict guidelines: we never exaggerate health claims, we clearly distinguish between correlation and causation, we update content regularly as new research emerges, and we transparently note when evidence is limited or conflicting. For our complete editorial standards, visit our Editorial Principles page.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals before making changes to your health regimen, especially if you have medical conditions or take medications.
References
- 1 . Efficacy and safety of astragalus polysaccharides in patients with malignant tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Li Q, Li J, Wang Y, Wu F, Li T. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2025, 398(9):11705-11732. PubMed [Evidence: A]
- 2 . Astragalus polysaccharide: a review of its immunomodulatory effect, Li CX, Liu Y, Zhang YZ, Li JC, Lai J. Archives of pharmacal research, 2022, 45(6):367-389. PubMed [Evidence: D]
- 3 . Polysaccharides from Astragalus membranaceus elicit T cell immunity by activation of human peripheral blood dendritic cells, An EK, Zhang W, Kwak M, Lee PC, Jin JO. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2022, 223(Pt A):370-377. PubMed [Evidence: B]
- 4 . Modulatory Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides on T-Cell Polarization in Mice with Polymicrobial Sepsis, Hou YC, Wu JM, Wang MY, Wu MH, Chen KY, Yeh SL, Lin MT. Mediators of inflammation, 2015, 2015:826319. PubMed [Evidence: C]
- 5 . Astragaloside IV attenuates high glucose-induced NF-κB-mediated inflammation through activation of PI3K/AKT-ERK-dependent Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in glomerular mesangial cells, Su X, Guo H, Zhou Y, et al. Phytotherapy research, 2023, 37(9):4133-4148. PubMed [Evidence: B]
- 6 . Safety of a botanical extract derived from Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceus (AstraGin™) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283, EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA). EFSA journal, 2020, 18(5):e06099. PubMed [Evidence: D]
- 7 . Astragaloside IV inhibits NF-κB activation and inflammatory gene expression in LPS-treated mice, Zhang WJ, Frei B. Mediators of inflammation, 2015, 2015:274314. PubMed [Evidence: C]
- 8 . Astragaloside IV suppresses post-ischemic natural killer cell infiltration and activation in the brain: involvement of histone deacetylase inhibition, Dou B, Li S, Wei L, et al. Frontiers of medicine, 2021, 15(1):79-90. PubMed [Evidence: C]
- 9 . Oral Astragalus (Huang qi) for preventing frequent episodes of acute respiratory tract infection in children, Su G, Chen X, Liu Z, et al. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2016, 12(12):CD011958. PubMed [Evidence: A]
- 10 . Bidirectional and persistent immunomodulation of Astragalus polysaccharide as an adjuvant of influenza and recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, Zhao D, Chen X, Wang L, et al. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2023, 234:123635. PubMed [Evidence: B]
- 11 . Astragaloside IV derived from Astragalus membranaceus: A research review on the pharmacological effects, Zhang J, Wu C, Gao L, Du G, Qin X. Advances in pharmacology, 2020, 87:89-112. PubMed [Evidence: D]
- 12 . Efficacy of Astragalus Membranaceus (Huang Qi) for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies, Sheng X, Yang L, Huang B, Lin G, Wang Y, Wu X, Lin R. Integrative cancer therapies, 2025, 24:15347354241313344. PubMed [Evidence: A]
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to provide medical advice or to take the place of such advice or treatment from a personal physician. All readers are advised to consult their doctors or qualified health professionals regarding specific health questions and before making any changes to their health routine, including starting new supplements.
Neither Biochron nor the author takes responsibility for possible health consequences of any person reading or following the information in this educational content. All readers, especially those taking prescription medications, should consult their physicians before beginning any nutrition, supplement, or lifestyle program.
If you have a medical emergency, call your doctor or emergency services immediately.
